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Frankfurter Buchmesse 2017 (FBM17)

Wikipedia:Frankfurter_Buchmesse_2017

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Große Rhetoriker

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Grands rhétoriqueurs

 
Der Hofdichter Jean Molinet bringt sein Werk Philipp von Kleve-Ravenstein.

Grands rhétoriqueurs (dt. "die großen Rhetoriker") ist ein erfundener Begriff, um abwertend französischsprechende Hofdichter aus der Mitte des XV. bis zur Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts zu bezeichnen. Laut Paul Zumthor hat Charles d'Héricault 1861 den Begriff "Rhetoriker" aus Guillaume Coquillarts Satire des Droits Nouveaux (1481) entnommen, wo dieser Juristen kritisierte.

Diese Bezeichnung bezieht sich darauf, dass in mehreren Abhandlungen des 15. Jahrhunderts zur Poetik der Ausdruck "Rhetorik" im Titel verwendet wurde, was darauf hindeutet, dass Poesie als ein Zweig der Rhetorik verstanden wurde.

Wichtige Vertreter

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14. Jahrhundert
15. Jahrhundert
16. Jahrhundert

Bibliographie

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  • Paul Zumthor, La Lettre et la Voix. De la « littérature » médiévale, Paris, Le Seuil, 1987.
  • Paul Zumthor, Le Masque et la Lumière. La poétique des grands rhétoriqueurs, Paris, Le Seuil, 1978.
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[[Kategorie:Literatur (15. Jahrhundert)]] [[Kategorie:Literatur (16. Jahrhundert)]]



PUBLISHING PERSPECTIVES / FRANKFURT BOOK FAIR 2017 Seite 8

Publishing-Perspectives-FBF-Show-Daily-2017

What Brings Wikipedia to Frankfurt?

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By Alastair Horne

Visitors to Hall 4.2 might be sur - prised to find among the aca - demic and educational publishers and tech companies a very lively stand devoted to Wikipedia, full of volunteers busily typing away. What brings the world’s largest online encyclopedia to the Frank - furt Book Fair? Wikipedian Jens (the team only use their first names) explains that the original idea was to mark France’s status as this year’s Guest of Honor at the Fair by inviting French and German Wikipedians to translate pages into each oth- er’s languages. “Then the Book Fair offered us a stand, and we put all this together in three and a half weeks! We didn’t really know what it meant to make a stand, so it was quite an adventure, but it’s worked out well.”

Wikipedians have actually been visiting the fair individually for years, taking photos of the writers attending so their pictures can be added to their entries on the site. This year, over the five days of the fair, around thirty volunteers will be arriving not only from across Germany, but also France, Swit- zerland, and Belgium, to edit ar - ticles, take photographs, and talk about the site to passersby. Jakob, another Wikipedian, adds that the second reason Wikipedia is here is to reach out to publishers and educate them about how they can best use the site: how to edit pages for their au- thors and how to cite images taken from the site. “Publishers can come to the stand and meet face-to-face with us or set up a meeting after the Fair,” he says, “and we’re also offer - ing training workshops.” The stand has already been vis- ited by representatives from many publishers and, buoyed by this success, Jens hopes that next year might see an official Wikimedia Foundation presence at the Fair. • Jakob (left) and Jens (right) at the Wikipedia stand: Hall 4.2 A58

DIGITAL PROJECTS

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Writing Robot Churns out ‘Manifestos’ in ARTS+ By Mark Piesing “Some roadies were passing when we were installing the robot and asked us, ‘What is it doing? Is it reading? Is it writing?’” says Matthias Gommel, a member of the German robotic artist group robotlab, associated with the ZKM Center for Art and Media in Karl- sruhe. “Then they said, ‘Well, this is one more job that we don’t have to do ourselves.’ ” Robotlab is an artist group founded in 2000. It explores the relationship between humans and machines through robot installa- tions and performances. Gommel and his fellow artists chose to use industrial robots rather than a more humanoid robot like the replicants in Blade Runner because they are by far the most common type of robot in the world. “There are several million of them hidden behind factory walls, and most people have no idea what it’s like to stand next to such a ma- chine,” says Matthias Gommel. Now in the ARTS+ area of the Frankfurt Book Fair, you can see one of robotlab’s installations for yourself. But instead of doing something like assemble cars, this industrial robot writes eight-sentence manifestos.

It writes sentences like “Expe- rience is related to grammar like history to shape” or “There are two types of readers, those using differences and those using sounds.” It’s hard to tell if they are non- sense—or profound.

“In the manifesto installation,” Gommel says, “the robot writes a unique message on each sheet of paper. The robot has an archive of sentences and terms that an algo- rithm combines to create random sentences.

“There is no semiotics in- volved. These sentences are ran- dom. Sometimes they make sense. Sometimes they don’t. Sometimes they are funny. Sometimes they are deep,” says Gommel. “The step of evaluating them is on the human side.”

“We have been working with KUKA industrial robots for seven- teen years,” says Gommel. “However, we began by researching the issues of robots. What are their capabilities and their limitations? “Then we started doing public labs, where researchers and spe- cialists from different fields could give us their perspective on how robots function.”

But for Gommel and the ro- botlab team, it’s also important to study how humans interact with their robot installations. They are interested in “pre- senting robots as protagonists in their own story. They stand on their own. We don’t explain them. We don’t stand by them. They just do their production. “In our installations, robots are placed in roles that are usually reserved for humans—roles that involve creativity, inspiration, art, and culture.”

People’s reactions vary a great deal when they see the robot. “They are initially attracted by the idea that the robot moves like there is some life or intelligence behind it. Then they become curi- ous when they see what the robot has created.

“In the end, I like the idea that people can take the manifestos home with them to interfere—in a way—with their everyday life.” •

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