Benutzer:Claes Lindhardt/Anexo:Microbiota humana
In diesem Artikel werden einige der Arten aufgeführt, die anerkanntermaßen zum menschlichen Mikrobiom gehören. Im menschlichen Körper gibt es schätzungsweise 39 Billionen Bakterien, die in etwa 10.000 mikrobielle Spezies unterteilt werden können. Etwa 180 der am besten untersuchten sind hier aufgelistet. Diese können jedoch alle grob in 3 Kategorien eingeteilt werden:
- Kugeln oder kugelförmig (Kokkenbakterien)
- Stäbchenförmige Bakterien (Bazillen).
- Spiralen oder Helixen (Spirochäten).
Liste von Bakterien im Menschlischen körper
Bearbeiten| Binomial nahme | Lokation im körper | Pathologisch | % des gesamten Mikrobioms? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter calcoaceticus | Whole-body distributed | ||
| Burkholderia cepacia | Whole-body distributed | ||
| Peptostreptococcus spp | Whole-body distributed | ||
| Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes | Whole-body distributed | ||
| Eubacterium spp | Natural cavities | ||
| Fusobacterium necrophorum | Natural cavities | ||
| Microbacterium spp | Natural cavities | ||
| Acinetobacter spp | Skin | ||
| Bacillus spp | Skin | ||
| Candida albicans | Skin | ||
| Candida parapsilosis | Skin | ||
| Corynebacterium parvum | Skin | ||
| Corynebacterium spp | Skin | ||
| Cutibacterium acnes | Skin | ||
| Demodex folliculorum | Skin | ||
| Enterobacter cloacae | Skin | ||
| Epidermophyton floccosum | Skin | ||
| Malassezia ovale | Skin | ||
| Micrococcus luteus | Skin | ||
| Micrococcus spp | Skin | ||
| Mycobacterium spp | Skin | ||
| Neisseria spp | Skin | ||
| Peptostreptococcus spp | Skin | ||
| Propionibacterium spp | Skin | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Skin | Mostly | |
| Sarcina spp | Skin | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Skin | ||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | Skin | Sometimes, mostly not | |
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | Skin | ||
| Streptococcus viridans | Skin | ||
| Trichophyton spp | Skin | ||
| <i id="mwAR8">Staphylococcus aureus</i> | Hair follicles | ||
| <i id="mwASY">Corynebacterium</i> <i id="mwASc">spp</i> | External ear | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | External ear | ||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | External ear | ||
| <i id="mwATw">Chlamydia trachomatis</i> | Mucous membranes | ||
| Hemophilus influenzae | Mucous membranes | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Mucous membranes | ||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | Mucous membranes | ||
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae | Eye | ||
| Haemophilus aegyptius | Eye | ||
| Haemophilus influenzae | Eye | ||
| Moraxella spp | Eye | ||
| Neisseria spp | Eye | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Eye | ||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | Eye | ||
| Streptococcus viridans | Eye | ||
| Achromobacter spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Acidaminococcus fermentans | Large intestine | ||
| Acinetobacter calcoaceticus | Large intestine | ||
| Actinomyces spp | Mouth, small and large intestine | ||
| Actinomyces viscosus | Mouth | ||
| Actinomyces naeslundii | Mouth | ||
| Aeromonas spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans | Mouth | ||
| Anaerobiospirillum spp | Feces | ||
| Alcaligenes faecalis | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Arachnia propionica | Mouth | ||
| Bacillus spp | Large intestine | ||
| Bacteroides spp | Mouth, GI tract | ||
| Bacteroides gingivalis | Mouth | ||
| Bacteroides fragilis | General distribution | ||
| Bacteroides intermedius | Mouth | ||
| Bacteroides melaninogenicus | Mouth, feces | ||
| Bacteroides pneumosintes | Pharynx | ||
| Bacterionema matruchotii
(Corynebacterium matruchotii, new combination 1983 IJSB 33:438) |
Gingiva | ||
| Bifidobacterium spp | Large intestine, feces | ||
| Buchnera aphidicola | Mouth | ||
| Butyriviberio fibrosolvens | Large intestine | ||
| Campylobacter spp | Large intestine | ||
| Campylobacter coli | General distribution | ||
| Campylobacter sputorum | Mouth | ||
| Campylobacter upsaliensis | Mouth | ||
| Candida albicans | Mouth | ||
| Capnocytophaga spp | Mouth | ||
| Clostridium spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Citrobacter freundii | Sputum | ||
| Clostridium difficile | Large intestine | ||
| Clostridium sordellii | Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectus, anus channel | ||
| Corynebacterium spp | Mouth | ||
| Cutibacterium acnes | General distribution | ||
| Eikenella corrodens | General distribution, mouth | ||
| Enterobacter cloacae | General distribution | ||
| Enterococcus spp | Mouth, GI tract | ||
| Enterococcus faecalis | General distribution | ||
| Enterococcus faecium | General distribution | ||
| Escherichia coli | General distribution | ||
| Eubacterium spp | Mouth, GI tract | ||
| Faecalibacterium spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Flavobacterium spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Fusobacterium spp | Mouth, GI tract | ||
| Fusobacterium nucleatum | Mouth | ||
| Gordonia spp | Sputum | ||
| Haemophilus parainfluenzae | Mouth | ||
| Haemophilus paraphrophilus | Mouth | ||
| Lactobacillus spp | Mouth, Saliva, GI tract (known probiotic) | ||
| Leptotrichia buccalis | Mouth | ||
| Methanobrevibacter smithii | Intestines | ||
| Morganella morganii | Feces | ||
| Mycobacteria spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Mycoplasma spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Micrococcus spp | Mouth | ||
| Mycoplasma spp | Mouth | ||
| Mycobacterium chelonae | Sputum | ||
| Neisseria spp | Mouth | ||
| Neisseria sicca | Saliva, sputum | ||
| Peptococcus spp | Mouth, large intestine | ||
| Peptostreptococcus spp | Mouth, GI tract | ||
| Plesiomonas shigelloides | General distribution | ||
| Porphyromonas gingivalis | Mouth | ||
| Propionibacterium spp | Large intestine | ||
| Providencia spp | Feces | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Roseburia spp | Large intestine | ||
| Rothia dentocariosa | Mouth | ||
| Ruminococcus spp | Cecum, large intestine | ||
| Ruminococcus bromii | Large intestine | ||
| Sarcina spp | Large intestine | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Mouth, large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | Mouth | ||
| Streptococcus anginosus | General distribution | ||
| Streptococcus mutans | Teeth: dental plaque | ||
| Streptococcus oralis | Teeth: dental plaque | ||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Nasopharynx | ||
| Streptococcus sobrinus | Teeth: dental plaque | ||
| Streptococcus viridans | Mouth, large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Torulopsis glabrata | Mouth | ||
| Treponema denticola | Mouth | ||
| Treponema refringens | Mouth | ||
| Veillonella spp | Mouth, large Intestine | ||
| Vibrio spp | Large intestine, small intestine (Ileon) | ||
| Vibrio sputorum | Mouth | ||
| Wolinella succinogenes | Mouth | ||
| Yersinia enterocolitica | Large intestine | ||
| Acinetobacter spp | Nasopharynx | ||
| Burkholderia cepacia complex | Lung | ||
| Campylobacter sputorum | Nasopharynx | ||
| Candida albicans | Pharynx | ||
| Cardiobacterium spp | Nose | ||
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae | Lung | ||
| Citrobacter freundii | Throat | ||
| Eikenella corrodens | General distribution | ||
| Haemophilus spp | Nasopharynx | ||
| Haemophilus parainfluenzae | Pharynx | ||
| Haemophilus paraphrophilus | Pharynx | ||
| Kingella spp | Upper respiratory tract | ||
| Kingella kingae | Upper respiratory tract | ||
| Moraxella spp | Nasopharynx | ||
| Moraxella catarrhalis | Nasopharynx | ||
| Mycoplasma orale | Oropharynx | ||
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Respiratory epithelium | ||
| Neisseria spp | Nasopharynx | ||
| Neisseria cinerea | Nasopharynx | ||
| Neisseria elongata | Pharynx | ||
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Pharynx | ||
| Neisseria lactamica | Nasopharynx | ||
| Neisseria meningitidis | Nasopharynx | ||
| Neisseria mucosa | Nasopharynx | ||
| Neisseria sicca | Nasopharynx | ||
| Peptococcus spp | Upper respiratory tract | ||
| Peptostreptococcus spp | Pharynx | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Lung | ||
| Selenomonas sputigena | Nasopharynx | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Nose | ||
| Streptobacillus spp | Throat, nasopharynx | ||
| Streptococcus constellatus | Oropharynx | ||
| Streptococcus intermedius | Oropharynx | ||
| Streptococcus mitis | General distribution | ||
| Streptococcus pyogenes | Upper respiratory tract | ||
| Streptococcus viridans | Pharynx | ||
| Acinetobacter spp | Anterior urethra | ||
| Bacteroides spp | External genitalia | ||
| Candida albicans | Anterior urethra, external genitalia | ||
| Corynebacterium spp | Anterior urethra, external genitalia | ||
| Enterobacteriaceae | Anterior urethra, external genitalia | ||
| Streptococcus viridans | Anterior urethra, external genitalia | ||
| Eikenella corrodens | General distribution | ||
| Streptococcus anginosus | General distribution | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Perineum |
| Säule | Beschreibung |
|---|---|
| Binomial name | Name der Art, im Idealfall einschließlich der Form des Bakteriums |
| Location | Wo es im Körper zu finden ist |
| Pathological? | Kann es Menschen schaden oder ist es nützlich? Die Skala reicht von Nicht, Meistens nicht, Manchmal, Nützlich |
| % of total Microbiome? | Wie viel Prozent des gesamten menschlichen Mikrobioms entfallen auf die Bakterien, gemessen an der Zahl der Organismen? |