Vorlage:Short description Vorlage:Fsb Micro Transport Protocol or μTP (sometimes also uTP) is an open UDP-based variant of the BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing protocol intended to mitigate poor latency and other congestion control problems found in conventional BitTorrent over TCP, while providing reliable, ordered delivery.
It was devised to automatically slow down[1] the rate at which packets of data are transmitted between users of peer-to-peer file sharing torrents when it interferes with other applications. For example, the protocol should automatically allow the sharing of an DSL line between a BitTorrent application and a web browser.
Development
BearbeitenμTP emerged from research at Internet2 on QoS and high-performance bulk transport, was adapted for use as a background transport protocol by Plicto, founded by Stanislav Shalunov and Ben Teitelbaum[2] and later acquired by BitTorrent, Inc. in 2006, and further developed within its new owner.[3] It was first introduced in the μTorrent 1.8.x beta branches, and publicized in the alpha builds of μTorrent 1.9.[4][5]
The implementation of μTP used in μTorrent was later separated into the "libutp" library and published under the MIT license.[6][7]
The first free software client to implement μTP was KTorrent 4.0.[8][9] libtorrent implements μTP since version 0.16.0[10] and it is used in qBittorrent since 2.8.0.[11] Tixati implements μTP since version 1.72.[12] Vuze (formerly Azureus) implements μTP since version 4.6.0.0.[13] Transmission implements μTP since version 2.30.[14]
μTP congestion control
BearbeitenThe congestion control algorithm used by μTP, known as Low Extra Delay Background Transport (LEDBAT), aims to decrease the latency caused by applications using the protocol while maximizing bandwidth when latency is not excessive.[15][16] Additionally, information from the μTP congestion controller can be used to choose the transfer rate of TCP connections.[17]
Vorlage:Internet LEDBAT is described in Vorlage:IETF RFC. As of 2009, the details of the μTP implementation were different from those of the then-current Internet Draft.[18]
μTP also adds support for NAT traversal using UDP hole punching between two port-restricted peers where a third unrestricted peer acts as a STUN server.[19][20]
See also
Bearbeiten- TCP congestion control
- Multipurpose Transaction Protocol (MTP)
- QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections)
- Real-Time Media Flow Protocol (RTMFP)
- Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP UDP Encapsulation; Vorlage:IETF RFC)
- UDP-based Data Transfer Protocol (UDT)
References
BearbeitenWeblinks
Bearbeiten- BitTorrent Enhancement Proposal 29 - μTorrent transport protocol
- TCP-LP
- swift - the multiparty transport protocol
Vorlage:BitTorrent Vorlage:File sharing protocols [[Category:BitTorrent]] [[Category:Internet protocols]]
- ↑ Forum.bittorrent.org / A few comments about µTP (BEP-29). Archiviert vom am 1. März 2010; abgerufen am 15. November 2009.
- ↑ This Is How Your BitTorrent Downloads Move So Fast, Fastcolabs, 2013-07-29, Retrieved November 6, 2013
- ↑ http://www.slideshare.net/eCommConf/eric-klinker-presentation-at-emerging-communication-conference-awards-2010-america/11 uTP timeline, slide 11, "This Green Revolution-improving the yield of your network investment", eComm America Conference, San Francisco, CA, April 2010.
- ↑ Iljitsch van Beijnum: ?Torrent's switch to UDP and why the sky isn't falling. In: Ars Technica. 2. Dezember 2008, abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ uTorrent shifts towards UDP to make it work better. In: www.thinkbroadband.com. Abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021.
- ↑ Libutp, an open source implementation of µTP, has now been released (Page 1) / Announcements / µTorrent Community Forums. Archiviert vom am 23. Januar 2011; abgerufen am 15. Januar 2011.
- ↑ Vorlage:Citation
- ↑ KTorrent First BitTorrent Client To Adopt Open Source uTP * TorrentFreak. Abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021 (englisch).
- ↑ KTorrent 4.0 is out. 24. Mai 2010 .
- ↑ Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting. In: code.google.com. Abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021.
- ↑ qBittorrent Official Website. In: www.qbittorrent.org. Abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021.
- ↑ Tixati.com - News. In: www.tixati.com. Abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021.
- ↑ Version 4400 4702 Changelog - VuzeWiki. In: wiki.vuze.com. Abgerufen am 11. Mai 2021.
- ↑ Changes – Transmission. Archiviert vom am 24. Mai 2015; abgerufen am 12. Juli 2012.
- ↑ Technical information about UDP. Archiviert vom am 12. Mai 2009; abgerufen am 23. Dezember 2008.
- ↑ Forum.bittorrent.org / A few comments about µTP (BEP-29). Archiviert vom am 1. März 2010; abgerufen am 15. November 2009.
- ↑ Post by developer "Greg Hazel" in thread "μTorrent 1.9 alpha". 26. November 2008, archiviert vom am 8. Februar 2009; abgerufen am 8. März 2009.
- ↑ Forum.bittorrent.org / A few comments about µTP (BEP-29). Archiviert vom am 25. Juli 2011; abgerufen am 15. November 2009.Vorlage:Full citation needed
- ↑ ΜTorrent 1.9 alpha 15380 (Page 1) / Announcements / µTorrent Community Forums. Archiviert vom am 25. März 2013; abgerufen am 23. Dezember 2012.
- ↑ Distributed UDP hole punching for the BitTorrent protocol (Page 1) / Protocol Design Discussion / µTorrent Community Forums. Archiviert vom am 19. Juni 2013; abgerufen am 23. Dezember 2012.