Adama Abdoulaye Touré (geb. 1936, Kampti, Französisch-Westafrika; gest. 26. Oktober 2012) war ein Politiker aus Burkina Faso. Touré war ursprünglich ein radikaler Studentenaktivist und wurde ein Anführer der kommunistischen African Independence Party (PAI, Parti Africain de l'Indépendance). In Burkina Faso war er Parteiführer. Er war Lehrer an einer Militärakademie und spielte eine wichtigen Rolle in der ideologischen Bildung der Militärführer, welche das Land nach der Revolution von 1983 regieren würden. Er diente von 1983 bis 1984 als Informationsminister in der Revolutionsregierung, wurde jedoch nach der Spaltung zwischen PAI und dem Militär inhaftiert. Er war unter dem Spitznamen „Lénine“ bekannt.
Leben
BearbeitenJugend
BearbeitenTouré wurde 1936 in Kampti (heute in der Provinz Poni, damals in der Elfenbeinküste, Französisch-Westafrika) geboren. Er besuchte die Grundschule von 1944 bis 1950. Von 1951 bis 1959 studierte er an den Modern Colleges von Bobo-Dioulasso und Ouagadougou und erlangte einen Bachelor-Abschluss. Er wurde 1953 zum Vertreter der Schüler des Modern College von Bobo-Dioulasso gewählt. 1956 wurde er Präsident der Kampti Pupils Fraternal Union (UEFK) und später zum Vertreter der Schüler des Modern College von Ouagadougou gewählt.[1]
Senegal
Bearbeiten1959 schrieb er sich an der Université de Dakar ein. Von 1961 bis 1965 war er Vorsitzender der Voltan Scholarly Association (ASV) von Dakar. Später war er von 1962 bis 1966 Sekretär der Voltan-Sektion der General Students Union of West Africa (UGEAO). . He was the chairman of the Voltan Scholarly Association (ASV) of Dakar from 1961 to 1965. He later served as secretary of the Voltan section of the General Students Union of West Africa (UGEAO) from 1962 to 1966.[1] As an UGEAO student activist, he joined the African Independence Party (PAI) in May 1962.[1][2]
He obtained a degree in history and geography, as well as a Diploma of Higher Studies (Diplôme d'études supérieures en France) on the resistance to the recruitment of Upper Voltan riflemen during World War I. He worked as a history and geography teacher at the Ecole Normale des Jeunes Filles in Thiès from 1966 to 1967.[1]
Return to Upper Volta
BearbeitenIn 1967, he returned to Upper Volta, and began teaching at the Prytanée militaire de Kadiogo (Preparatory Military School|fr|Prytanée militaire de Kadiogo, today the PMK military school). In 1969 he was appointed as director of the Ecole Normal des Instituteurs et Institutrices de Ouagadougou.[1] In 1971, PAI organized an anti-imperialist protest against the visit of Ivorian president Félix Houphouët-Boigny, after which Adama was dismissed from his teaching post.[3] Later the same year, he returned to teaching at the PMK military school (where he would remain until 1981).[1] He would serve as studies director at PMK.[4][5] His style of teaching differed greatly from the French teachers that remained at the institution; he gave lectures on the events of the French, Russian, Algerian and Vietnamese revolutions and earned the nickname 'Lénine' from the students at PMK.[3][6]
Influence on Sankara
BearbeitenHis students at the PMK military school included the young cadets Thomas Sankara and Blaise Compaoré.[7] Touré later became Sankara's political mentor;[8] per Bruno Jaffré, "[t]he one who opened the eyes of President Thomas Sankara to the class struggle was Adama Touré, nicknamed Lenin, teacher in history and geography, studies director at Prytanée militaire de Kadiogo (PMK) during President Sankara's time at the establishment".[4] Brian J. Peterson stated that "[i]t's difficult to overstate the importance of Adama Toure in the political education of Sankara and his peers, who were still callow youth looking for direction. During the revolution, Sankara took his distance from Toure and downplayed his former teacher's influence in a bid to consolidate power. However, those who knew Sankara well during the PMK years agree that Toure had a tremendous influence on Sankara's intellectual formation".[3]
PAI leader
BearbeitenAn activist in the National Union of African Teachers of Upper Volta (SNEAHV) and later the Voltan Unitary Trade Union of Secondary and Higher Education Teachers (SUVESS), Touré was a co-founder of the Voltan Trade Union Confederation (CSV) in September 1974.[1][9]
In 1975, the PAI leader Amirou Thiombiano unexpectedly died.[3] Adama Touré took over the post as the Upper Voltan PAI general secretary, and inducted Philippe Ouédraogo and his relative Soumane Touré into the PAI Executive Committee.[1][3][9] Under Adama's leadership, as the liberation wars in Guinea-Bissau, Angola and Mozambique were winding down, PAI shifted its focus to domestic politics. PAI built mass movements, with the Patriotic League for Development (LIPAD) movement bringing the influence of the underground PAI out of the shadows.[3] He remained in the post as general secretary of PAI until 1990.[1][9][10]
After leaving the PMK military school, he served as Director of General Secondary Teaching, later Director of General and Technical Secondary Teaching from 1981 to 1983.[1]
Government minister and imprisonment
BearbeitenOn 24 August 1983, he was named Minister of Information, being one of five LIPAD-PAI cabinet ministers in the new revolutionary government.[11] During May–June 1984 Touré was on a tour of Europe, during which he spoke publicly on the tensions between LIPAD and the militaries in the government.[5]
Touré was dismissed from the government in August 1984.[12][13] He was detained in October 1984.[14] In early November 1984 Touré was transferred to a Sûreté générale police post, where he met fellow PAI prisoners Hama Arba Diallo and his name-sake Adama Touré.[1] He was released from detention on 3 February 1986, along with Adama Touré.[12][15][16]
Later years
BearbeitenHe worked as the History and Geography Cell at the Burkina Pedagogical Institute between 1987 and 1989. He became the founding director of Lycée Privé de la Jeunesse in 1990.[1] Touré died during the night between 26 and 27 October 2012.[9]
The Adama Abdoulaye Touré Foundation for Science and Education (Fondation Abdoulaye Adama Touré pour la science et l'éducation) was established in 2014, in honour of Adama Touré.[17]
Einzelnachweise
Bearbeiten- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Adama Abdoulaye Touré. Une vie de militant: ma lutte du collège à la révolution de Thomas Sankara. Hamaria, 2001. cover page, p. 154
- ↑ Collectif. Comprendre le Sénégal et l'Afrique aujourd'hui: Mélanges offerts à Momar-Coumba Diop. KARTHALA Editions, 2023. p. 510
- ↑ a b c d e f Brian J. Peterson. Thomas Sankara: A Revolutionary in Cold War Africa. Indiana University Press, 2021.
- ↑ a b Libreinfo. Mémoire : De l’intérêt pour la lecture de la biographie de Sankara
- ↑ a b James Genova. Making New People: Politics, Cinema, and Liberation in Burkina Faso, 1983–1987. MSU Press, 2022. pp. xi, 9–10, 15, 18–19, 51–52, 92–93, 165
- ↑ L'Humanité. La révolution de Sankara, une référence pour tous les peuples d’Afrique
- ↑ Sub-Saharan Africa Report, Issues 35–39. Foreign Broadcast Information Service., 1984. p. 112
- ↑ Quarterly Economic Review of Togo, Niger, Benin, Burkina, Issue 1. EIU, 1985. p. 21
- ↑ a b c d aOuaga.com. Obsèques de Touré Adama : Des témoignages émouvants
- ↑ Mai 1968 au Sénégal, KARTHALA Editions. p. 153
- ↑ Ludo Martens, Hilde Meesters. Sankara, Compaoré et la révolution burkinabè. Editions Aden, 1989. pp. 111
- ↑ a b Keesing's Contemporary Archives, Vol. 32. Keesing's Limited., 1986. p. 34339
- ↑ Africa Today. Africa Journal Limited, 1991. p. 599
- ↑ Afrique contemporaine, Issues 133–136. Documentation française, 1985. p. 64
- ↑ New African Yearbook. IC Magazines Limited, 1997. p. 60
- ↑ Afrique nouvelle, Issues 1902–1927. 1986. p. 9
- ↑ lefaso.net. Enseignement secondaire : la Fondation Adama Touré pour la science et l’éducation offre des bourses pour encourager des filles
Weblinks
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[[Kategorie: [[Kategorie:Geboren 1936]] [[Kategorie:Gestorben 2012]] [[Kategorie:Mann]] {{Personendaten |NAME= Touré, Adama Abdoulaye |ALTERNATIVNAMEN= |KURZBESCHREIBUNG= Politiker aus Burkina-Faso |GEBURTSDATUM= 1936 |GEBURTSORT=[[Kampti]], [[Französisch-Westafrika]] |STERBEDATUM= 2012 |STERBEORT= }} African Independence Party (Burkina Faso) politicians]] [[Category:Burkinabé trade unionists]] [[Category:People from Sud-Ouest Region (Burkina Faso)]] [[Category:Government ministers of Burkina Faso]] [[Category:Cheikh Anta Diop University alumni]] [[Category:Burkinabé educators]]