Matāʻafa ist einer der vier höchsten Häuptlingstitel tama-a-ʻaiga (maximal lineage) von Samoa.[1][2] Es ist einer von zwei dieser Titel, die ihren Ursprung im Distrikt Atua im Osten der Insel Upolu haben (zusammen mit dem Tupua Tamasese von Falefa und Salani) und hat ihren historischen Sitz im Dorf Amaile.[3]
Matāʻafa Faʻasuamaleaui Puʻela Patu war der derzeit letzte Träger des Titels. Nach seinem Tod 1997 blieb der Titel vakant bis heute.
Ursprünge der Matāʻafa
BearbeitenDer Anfang der tama-a-ʻaiga-Matāʻafa-Linie wird auf Queen Salamasina zurückgeführt. Ihre Enkelin Taufau sired Tupuivao who founded the line which resides in Amaile. The lineage branches off in later years with the title's ancestor Luafalemana, the son of King Tupua Fuiavailili and Punipuao, daughter of Alaiʻasā of Falefa.[4] Luafalemana married Gese and together had a daughter, Salaina'oloa. Having been issued and raised by ʻAiga Sā Fenunuivao (descendants of Fenunuivao), she married Tuimavave (also known as Tauiliʻili) of ʻAiga Sā Levālasi (descendants of Levalasi). The union of these two lines issued the first line of the Matāʻafa titleholders, Faʻasuamaleʻaui, in 1785.[1] Tuimavave's other union with Letelesā issued another line of the title, Silupevailei. Both Faʻasuamaleʻaui and Silupevailei are the two lines of descent from whom the Matāʻafa is selected.
Tuimavave's union with King Tupua's grand-daughter, Salainaʻoloa, has resulted in the Matāʻafa titles close association with the other tama-a-ʻaiga title, Tupua Tamasese and the aloaliʻi title Luafalemana of Falefa. This has at times, resulted in Matāʻafa holders also holding the Tupua title concurrently, like Matāʻafa Iosefo, who became known as Tupua Matāʻafa Iosefo.[4] By joining the daughter of Luafalemana with Tuimavave, the Tui Atua line arrives at a harmonious junction between the two great families of Atua - ʻAiga Sā Levālasi (custodian of the Matāʻafa title) and 'Aiga Sā Fenunuivao (custodian of the Tupua Tamasese title).[1]
Family traditions differ as to who was the first Matāʻafa, but the majority of opinions favour either Filifilisounuʻu, son of Faʻasuamaleʻaui or Tafagamanu, son of Filifilisounuʻu.[1] Either way, it is the line of Faʻasuamaleʻaui that began and carried the title from its inception until 1948, when the title passed to the Silupevailei line. After subsequent appeals before the Lands & Titles Court, the title returned to Faʻasuamaleʻaui's line upon the death of former Prime Minister Fiame Matāʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II, when it was bestowed on Matāʻafa Puela Faʻasuamaleʻaui Patu who held it until his passing in 1997. The title remains vacant to this day.[1]
Authority
BearbeitenLike the Tupua Tamasese title, the Matā'afa titleholder is selected by its primary political family and heirs. The title is held in custodianship by the Aiga Sā Levālasi, named after Levalasi, Queen Salamasina's adoptive mother.
Ownership of the title was confirmed in 1939, where it was decided that Aiga Sā Levālasi would select who would hold the Matā'afa title from the heirs at Anapapa, the Matāʻafas appurtenant maota (seat of residence) in the village of Amaile. Once they have made their selection, the Aiga Sa Tago are informed. The Aiga's main branches are in Amaile and Lotofaga as well as the family Satago. The head of Aiga Sā Levālasi is the Fiame titleholder of Lotofaga, currently held by Samoa's former Deputy Prime Minister, Fiame Naomi Matāʻafa. [5]
Title holders
BearbeitenHolders of the Matā'afa title include;
- Matāʻafa Iosefo (1832–1912), a rival for the 'kingship' of Samoa during the country's colonial era.
- Matāʻafa Tupuola Iose (1912–1915)
- Matāʻafa Muliufi (1915–1936), a member of the Legislative Council
- The title then passed to the Silupevailei line to Matāʻafa Faumuina Fiame Mulinuʻu I (gest 1948), a leader of Samoa's pro-independence Mau movement.
- Was married to a daughter of the other tama-a-ʻaiga, Malietoa Laupepa.
- Fiame Matāʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II (1921–1975), son of Matāʻafa Faumuina Fiame Mulinuʻu I. First Prime Minister of Samoa.
- Was married to Laulu Fetauimalemau Matāʻafa (1928–2007).
- Their daughter Hon. Fiame Naomi Matā'afa, is the current high chief of Lotofaga and the Deputy Prime Minister of Samoa.
- The title was then passed back to the Faasuamaleʻaui line to Matā'afa Puela Faasuamaleaui Patu until his passing in 1997. The title remains vacant today.
Prominente Titelträger sind Matāʻafa Iosefo aus Falefa, einer der drei rivalisierenden Kandidaten für die Königsherrschaft von Samoa während der frühen Kolonialzeit,[6] Matāʻafa Faumuina Fiame Mulinuʻu I (gest. 1948) aus Lepea und Lotofaga, der einer der Führer von Samoas pro-independence Mau movement after Tupua Tamasese Lealofi III's assassination; and his son Fiame Matāʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II (1921–1975), the first Prime Minister of Samoa.
Galerie
Bearbeiten-
Mataʻafa Iosefo (1832 - 1912) -
Fiame Naomi Mataʻafa (standing, far left) at a meeting of Pacific Islands leaders with US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice (center), in Samoa, 26. Juli 2008.
See also
Bearbeiten
- Faʻamatai, chiefly system of Samoa.
- Muagututiʻa
- Malietoa
- Tuimalealiʻifano
- Tupua Tamasese
- Tui Manuʻa
- German Samoa
- History of Samoa
- Politics of Samoa
References
BearbeitenVorlage:Reflist [[Category:History of Samoa]] [[Category:Politics of Samoa]] [[Category:Samoan chiefs]]
- ↑ a b c d e Morgan A. Tuimalealiʻifano: O tama a ʻaiga the politics of succession to Samoa’s paramount titles. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific. 2006. ISBN 978-982-02-0377-8 oclc=494614506
- ↑ Stephanie Lawson: Tradition versus democracy in the South Pacific: Fiji, Tonga, and Western Samoa. S. 146.
- ↑ Malama Meleisea: The Making of Modern Samoa. University of the South Pacific. 1987: S. 54. ISBN 982-02-0031-8
- ↑ a b Krämer, Augustin, 1865-1941.|title=The Samoa Islands : an outline of a monograph with particular consideration of German Samoa|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|year=1999|isbn=0-8248-2219-6|oclc=58450475|orig-year=1994}}
- ↑ Soʻo, Asofou.|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/244005120%7Ctitle=Democracy and custom in Sāmoa : an uneasy alliance|date=2008|publisher=IPS Publications, University of the South Pacific|isbn=978-982-02-0390-7|oclc=244005120}}
- ↑ Morgan A. Tuimalealiʻifano: O tama a ʻāiga: the politics of succession to Sāmoa’s paramount titles. University of the South Pacific, editorips@usp.ac.fj 2006: S. 13. ISBN 982-02-0377-5