Nationalfeiertag (Vietnam)

Der Nationalfeiertag (vietnamesisch Ngày Quốc Khánh) ist ein vietnamesischer Feiertag, der jedes Jahr am 2. September anlässlich und zu Ehren der Unabhängigkeitserklärung Vietnams durch Hồ Chí Minh gefeiert wird.^[1]

Hintergrund

Während der Besetzung Vietnams im Zweiten Weltkrieg erlaubten die Japaner den Franzosen, dort zu verbleiben und einen großen Teil ihres Einflusses beizubehalten. Zum Ende des Krieges entstand ein Machtvakuum in Vietnam, auf dem die Augustrevolution der „Liga für die Unabhängigkeit Vietnams“ (vietnamesisch Việt Nam Ðộc Lập Ðồng Minh Hội, kurz: Việt Minh) aufbaute. In dieser Revolution stürmten und besetzten Vietnamesen Regierungseinrichtungen und drängten am 25. August 1945 den vietnamesischen Kaiser Bảo Đại dazu, abzudanken und somit die 143 Jahre alte Nguyễn-Dynastie abzuschaffen. Am 2. September 1945 erklärte der Anführer der Việt Minh, Hồ Chí Minh, auf dem Ba-Đình-Platz in Hanoi die neue Demokratische Republik Vietnam als unabhängig.^[2]

Einführung

Im Laufe des Vietnamkriegs erstellte die Kommunistische Partei Vietnams eine vereinheitlichte Liste der nationalen Feiertage. Zu diesen neuen Feiertagen gehörten der Internationale Tag der Arbeit am 1. Mai, der Jahrestag der Augustrevolution am 19. August, der vietnamesische Nationalfeiertag am 2. September und der Geburtstag Hồ Chí Minhs am 19. Mai.^[3] Das vietnamesische Mondneujahr (vietnamesisch Tết Nguyên Đán), und der vietnamesische Mittherbstmond (vietnamesisch Tết Trung Thu), wurden weiterhin traditionell begangen.

Die Liste der öffentlichen Feiertage Vietnams wurde 2007 überarbeitet, aber der 2. September verblieb als ordentlicher Feiertag.^[4]^[5] Ab 2019 wird der Feiertag um einen Tag verlängert, indem ein Tag unmittelbar vor oder nach dem 2. September hinzugefügt werden soll.^[6]

Weblinks

Die 70-jährige Nationalfeiertagsparade Vietnams auf YouTube, 2. September 2015.

Einzelnachweise

↑ Southeast Asia. Lonely Planet, 2010 S. 927
↑ A brief chronology of Vietnam's history Anh Thư Hà, Hò̂ng Đức Trà̂n – 2000 "On September 2, 1954, President Hổ Chí Minh made public the Declaration of Independence at Ba Đình Square (Hanoi), thus founding the Democratic Republic of Vietnam with Hanoi as its capital."
↑ Shaun Kingsley Malarney Ritual and revolution in Viet Nam 1993 "To realize this goal, the Party created a series of new national holidays in which villagers would come together and celebrate the great achievements of the people, the nation and socialism. These new holidays were to include May Day, the anniversary of the August Revolution on the 19th of August, Viet Nam's National Day on 2 September, and Ho Chi Minn's birthday on the 19th of May. Two traditional Vietnamese celebrations of the lunar New Year (Tet Nguyen Dan) and the mid-autumn celebration for children (Tet Trung Thu) were also to remain as national holidays."
↑ Vietnam – Page 107 Nick Ray, Peter Dragicevich, Regis St. Louis – 2007 "Vietnam's National Day (2 September) Celebrated with a rally and fireworks at Ba Dinh Sq, in front of Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum."
↑ Vietnam, Cambodia & Laos Jock O’Tailan, Claire Boobbyer, John Colet – 2006 "Following Ho's declaration, 2 September became Vietnam's National Day. Coincidentally, 2 September was also the date on which Ho died in 1969, although his death was not officially announced until 3 September in order not to mar ..."
↑ Hương Quỳnh: Bổ sung 1 ngày nghỉ lễ dịp Quốc khánh 2/9. In: Vietnamnet. 20. November 2019, abgerufen am 4. September 2021 (vietnamesisch).

[1] Southeast Asia. Lonely Planet, 2010 S. 927

[2] A brief chronology of Vietnam's history Anh Thư Hà, Hò̂ng Đức Trà̂n – 2000 "On September 2, 1954, President Hổ Chí Minh made public the Declaration of Independence at Ba Đình Square (Hanoi), thus founding the Democratic Republic of Vietnam with Hanoi as its capital."

[3] Shaun Kingsley Malarney Ritual and revolution in Viet Nam 1993 "To realize this goal, the Party created a series of new national holidays in which villagers would come together and celebrate the great achievements of the people, the nation and socialism. These new holidays were to include May Day, the anniversary of the August Revolution on the 19th of August, Viet Nam's National Day on 2 September, and Ho Chi Minn's birthday on the 19th of May. Two traditional Vietnamese celebrations of the lunar New Year (Tet Nguyen Dan) and the mid-autumn celebration for children (Tet Trung Thu) were also to remain as national holidays."

[4] Vietnam – Page 107 Nick Ray, Peter Dragicevich, Regis St. Louis – 2007 "Vietnam's National Day (2 September) Celebrated with a rally and fireworks at Ba Dinh Sq, in front of Ho Chi Minh's Mausoleum."

[5] Vietnam, Cambodia & Laos Jock O’Tailan, Claire Boobbyer, John Colet – 2006 "Following Ho's declaration, 2 September became Vietnam's National Day. Coincidentally, 2 September was also the date on which Ho died in 1969, although his death was not officially announced until 3 September in order not to mar ..."

[6] Hương Quỳnh: Bổ sung 1 ngày nghỉ lễ dịp Quốc khánh 2/9. In: Vietnamnet. 20. November 2019, abgerufen am 4. September 2021 (vietnamesisch).

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