The Charge of the Light Brigade (Gedicht)

The Charge of the Light Brigade (engl. „Die Attacke der Leichten Brigade“ oder „Der Todesritt der leichten Brigade“) ist ein Gedicht von Alfred Lord Tennyson.

The Charge of the Light Brigade von Richard Caton Woodville Jr., Öl auf Leinwand, 1894. Im Auftrag der Illustrated London malte der Künstler als Teil einer Gedenkserie die berühmte britische Schlacht

Hintergrund

Das Gedicht beschrieb einen Angriff britischer Kavalleristen in der Schlacht von Balaklawa. Sie erlangte Berühmtheit wegen der großen Verluste der Brigade und der Umstände, die zur Attacke geführt hatten. Die Schlacht von Balaklawa fand im Krimkrieg zwischen dem russischen Zarenreich und den Alliierten (Briten, Franzosen, Osmanisches Reich) am 25. Oktober 1854 statt.

Text

Half a league, half a league,
Half a league onward,
All in the valley of Death
Rode the six hundred.
"Forward, the Light Brigade!
"Charge for the guns!" he said:
Into the valley of Death
Rode the six hundred.

"Forward, the Light Brigade!"
Was there a man dismay'd?
Not tho' the soldier knew
Someone had blunder'd:
Theirs not to make reply,
Theirs not to reason why,
Theirs but to do and die:
Into the valley of Death
Rode the six hundred.

Cannon to right of them,
Cannon to left of them,
Cannon in front of them
Volley'd and thunder'd;
Storm'd at with shot and shell,
Boldly they rode and well,
Into the jaws of Death,
Into the mouth of Hell
Rode the six hundred.

Flash'd all their sabres bare,
Flash'd as they turn'd in air,
Sabring the gunners there,
Charging an army, while
All the world wonder'd:
Plunged in the battery-smoke
Right thro' the line they broke;
Cossack and Russian
Reel'd from the sabre stroke
Shatter'd and sunder'd.
Then they rode back, but not
Not the six hundred.

Cannon to right of them,
Cannon to left of them,
Cannon behind them
Volley'd and thunder'd;
Storm'd at with shot and shell,
While horse and hero fell,
They that had fought so well
Came thro' the jaws of Death
Back from the mouth of Hell,
All that was left of them,
Left of six hundred.

When can their glory fade?
O the wild charge they made!
All the world wondered.
Honor the charge they made,
Honor the Light Brigade,
Noble six hundred.

Übertragungen ins Deutsche

Die bekannteste Nachdichtung im deutschsprachigen Raum stammt von Theodor Fontane und trägt den Titel Balaklawa.

Literatur

• Jason Camlot: Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "The Charge of the Light Brigade" (1854). In: Victorian Review 35:1, 2009, S. 27–32.
• Helen Chambers: Fontane's Translation of The Charge of the Light Brigade. In: Proceedings of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society 22:1, 1992, S. 83–104.
• Jerome J. McGann: Tennyson and the Histories of Criticism. In: Jerome J. McGann: The Beauty of Inflections: Literary Investigations in Historical Method and Theory. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1988, ISBN 9780198117506, S. 173–203.
• Helen Groth: Technological Mediations and the Public Sphere: Roger Fenton's Crimea Exhibition and The Charge of the Light Brigade. In: Victorian Literature and Culture 30:2, 2002, S. 553–570.
• Peter Krahé: Rhetorik, Historie und Patriotismus: Tennysons Charge of the Light Brigade. In: Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 46:2, 1998, S. 114–124.
• Stefanie Markovits: Giving Voice to the Crimean War: Tennyson's Charge and Maud's Battle-song. In: Victorian Poetry 47:3, 2009, S. 481–503.
• Trudi Tate: On Not Knowing Why: Memorializing the Light Brigade. In: Helen Small und Trudi Tate (Hrsg.): Literature, Science, Psychoanalysis, 1830–1970: Essays in Honour of Gillian Beer. Oxford University Press, New York 2003, S. 160–180.