Thermochemischer Radius
Zur Abschätzung von Eigenschaften von Verbindungen eingesetzte Größe des Moleküls aus der Gitterenergie
Ist die Gitterenergie einer Verbindung bekannt, kann auch für ein nicht kugelförmiges, mehratomiges Molekül ein Radius errechnet werden, der mit dieser Gitterenergie im Einklang steht. Diesen Radius nennt man Thermochemischen Radius. Man verwendet thermochemische Radien z. B. zur Abschätzung von Bildungsenthalpien vieler Verbindungen.
Die Thermodynamischen Radien ausgewählter Ionen in pm können der nachfolgenden Tabelle entnommen werden (su = Selenourea, esu = Ethylenselenourea, Ph = Phenyl, tu = Thioharnstoff).[1]
Dianionen | Monoanionen | Monokationen | Dikationen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ion | Radius | Ion | Radius | Ion | Radius | Ion | Radius |
AmF62- | 255 | AgF4- | 231 | N(CH3)4+ | 234 | Co2S2(CO)62+ | 263 |
Bi2Br82- | 392 | AlBr4- | 321 | N2H5+ | 158 | FeW(Se)2(CO)2+ | 260 |
Bi6Br202- | 501 | AlCl4- | 317 | N2H6+ | 158 | I42+ | 207 |
CdCl42- | 307 | AlF4- | 214 | NH(C2H5)3+ | 274 | Mo(Te3)(CO)2+ | 234 |
CeCl62- | 352 | AlH4- | 226 | NH3C2H5+ | 193 | S192+ | 292 |
CeF62- | 249 | AlI4- | 374 | NH3C3H7+ | 225 | S2(S(CH3)2)22+ | 230 |
CO32- | 189 | AsF6- | 243 | NH3CH3+ | 177 | S2I42+ | 231 |
CoCl42- | 306 | AsO2- | 211 | NH3OH+ | 147 | S3N22+ | 184 |
CoF42- | 209 | Au(CN)2- | 266 | NH4+ | 136 | S3NCCNS32+ | 220 |
CoF62- | 256 | AuCl4- | 288 | NH3C2H4OH+ | 203 | S3Se2+ | 326 |
Bi2O72- | 292 | AuF4- | 240 | As3S4+ | 244 | S4N42+ | 186 |
CrF62- | 253 | AuF6- | 235 | As3Se4+ | 253 | S6N42+ | 232 |
CrO42- | 229 | B(OH)4- | 229 | As3Cl4+ | 221 | S82+ | 182 |
CuCl42- | 304 | BF4- | 205 | Br2+ | 155 | Se102+ | 253 |
CuF42- | 213 | BH4- | 205 | Br2+ | 204 | Se172+ | 236 |
GeCl62- | 335 | Br- | 190 | Br3+ | 238 | Se192+ | 296 |
GeF62- | 244 | BrF4- | 231 | Br5+ | 229 | Se2I42+ | 218 |
HfF62- | 248 | BrO3- | 214 | BrClCNH2+ | 175 | Se3N22+ | 182 |
HgI42- | 377 | CF3SO3- | 230 | BrF2+ | 183 | Se42+ | 152 |
IrCl62- | 332 | CH3CO2- | 194 | BrF4+ | 172 | Se4S2N42+ | 224 |
MnCl62- | 314 | Cl- | 168 | C10F8+ | 265 | Se82+ | 186 |
MnF42- | 219 | ClO2- | 195 | C6F6+ | 228 | SeN2S22+ | 182 |
MnF62- | 241 | ClO3- | 208 | Cl(SNSCN)2+ | 347 | (SNP(C2H5)3)22+ | 312 |
MoBr62- | 364 | ClO4- | 225 | Cl2C=NH2+ | 173 | Te(trtu)42+ | 328 |
MoCl62- | 338 | ClS2O6- | 260 | Cl2F+ | 165 | Te(tu)2+ | 196 |
MoF62- | 274 | CN- | 187 | Cl3+ | 182 | Te2(esu)4Br22+ | 356 |
MoO42- | 231 | Cr3O8- | 276 | ClF2+ | 147 | Te2(esu)4Cl22+ | 361 |
NbCl62- | 343 | CuBr4- | 315 | ClO2+ | 118 | Te2(esu)4I22+ | 342 |
NH2- | 128 | F- | 126 | GaBr4+ | 317 | Te2Se22+ | 192 |
Ni(CN)42- | 322 | FeCl4- | 317 | I2+ | 185 | Te2Se42+ | 222 |
NiF42- | 211 | GaCl4- | 328 | I3+ | 225 | Te2Se82+ | 252 |
NiF62- | 249 | H- | 148 | I5+ | 263 | Te3Se32+ | 217 |
O2- | 141 | H2AsO4- | 227 | IBr2+ | 196 | Te3S2+ | 193 |
O22- | 167 | H2PO4- | 213 | ICl2+ | 175 | Te42+ | 169 |
OsBr62- | 365 | HCO2- | 200 | IF6+ | 209 | Te82+ | 187 |
OsCl62- | 336 | HCO3- | 207 | N(S3N2)2+ | 258 | W(CO)4(h3-Te)2+ | 234 |
OsF62- | 276 | HF2- | 172 | N(SCl)2+ | 186 | W2(CO)10Se42+ | 290 |
PbCl42- | 279 | HSO4- | 221 | N(SeCl)2+ | 246 | ||
PbCl62- | 347 | I- | 211 | N(SF2)2+ | 214 | ||
PbF62- | 268 | I2Br- | 261 | N2F+ | 156 | ||
PdBr62- | 354 | I3- | 272 | NO+ | 145 | ||
PdCl42- | 313 | I4- | 300 | NO2+ | 153 | ||
PdCl62- | 333 | IBr2- | 251 | O2+ | 140 | ||
PdF62- | 252 | ICl2- | 235 | O2(SCCF3Cl)2+ | 275 | ||
PoBr62- | 380 | ICl4- | 307 | ONCH3CF3+ | 200 | ||
PoI62- | 428 | IO2F2- | 233 | OsOF5+ | 246 | ||
Pt(NO2)3Cl32- | 364 | IO3- | 218 | P(CH3)3Cl+ | 197 | ||
Pt(NO2)4Cl22- | 383 | IO4- | 231 | P(CH3)3D+ | 196 | ||
Pt(OH)22- | 333 | IrF6- | 242 | PCl4+ | 235 | ||
Pt(SCN)62- | 451 | MnO4- | 220 | S(CH3)2Cl+ | 207 | ||
PtBr42- | 324 | MoF6- | 241 | S(N(C2H5)3)3+ | 439 | ||
PtBr62- | 363 | MoOF5- | 241 | S2(CH3)2Cl+ | 265 | ||
PtCl42- | 307 | N3- | 180 | S2(CH3)2CN | 223 | ||
PtCl62- | 333 | NCO- | 193 | S2(CH3)3+ | 233 | ||
PtF62- | 245 | NbCl6- | 338 | S2Br5+ | 267 | ||
PuCl62- | 349 | NbF6- | 254 | S2N+ | 159 | ||
ReBr62- | 371 | Nb2F11- | 311 | S2N2C2H3+ | 211 | ||
ReCl62- | 337 | NbO3- | 194 | S2NC2(PhCH3)2+ | 310 | ||
ReF62- | 256 | NH2- | 168 | S2NC3H4+ | 218 | ||
ReF82- | 276 | NH2CH2COO- | 252 | S2NC3H8+ | 225 | ||
ReH92- | 257 | NO2- | 187 | S3(CH3)3+ | 239 | ||
ReI62- | 421 | NO3- | 200 | S3Br3+ | 245 | ||
RhF62- | 240 | O2- | 165 | S3C3H7+ | 199 | ||
RuCl62- | 336 | O3- | 199 | S3C4F6+ | 261 | ||
RuF62- | 248 | OH- | 152 | S3CF3CN+ | 263 | ||
S2- | 189 | OsF6- | 252 | S3Cl3+ | 233 | ||
S2O32- | 251 | PaF6- | 249 | S3N2+ | 201 | ||
S2O42- | 262 | PdF6- | 252 | S3N2Cl+ | 232 | ||
S2O52- | 270 | PF6- | 242 | S4N3+ | 231 | ||
S2O62- | 283 | PO3- | 204 | S4N3(Ph)2+ | 316 | ||
S2O72- | 275 | PtF6- | 247 | S4N4H+ | 178 | ||
S2O82- | 291 | PuF5- | 239 | S5N5+ | 257 | ||
S3O62- | 302 | ReF6- | 240 | S7I+ | 262 | ||
S4O62- | 325 | ReO4- | 227 | Sb(NPPh3)4+ | 518 | ||
S6O62- | 382 | RuF6- | 242 | SBr3+ | 220 | ||
ScF62- | 276 | S6- | 305 | SCH3O2+ | 183 | ||
Se62- | 181 | SCN- | 209 | SCH3P(CH3)3+ | 248 | ||
SeBr62- | 363 | SbCl6- | 320 | SCH3PCH3Cl2+ | 205 | ||
SeCl62- | 336 | SbF6- | 252 | SCl(C2H5)2+ | 207 | ||
SeO42- | 229 | Sb2F11- | 312 | SCl2CF3+ | 207 | ||
SiF62- | 248 | Sb3F14- | 374 | SCl2CH3+ | 204 | ||
SiO32- | 195 | SeCl5- | 258 | SCl3+ | 185 | ||
SmF42- | 218 | SeCN6- | 230 | Se3Br3+ | 253 | ||
Sn(OH)62- | 279 | SeH- | 195 | Se3Cl3+ | 245 | ||
SnBr62- | 374 | SH- | 191 | Se3N2+ | 288 | ||
SnCl62- | 345 | SO3F- | 214 | Se3NC12+ | 163 | ||
SnF62- | 265 | S3N3- | 231 | Se6I+ | 260 | ||
SnI62- | 427 | S3N3O4- | 252 | SeBr3+ | 182 | ||
SO32- | 204 | TaCl6- | 352 | SeCl3+ | 192 | ||
SO42-- | 218 | TaF6- | 250 | SeF3+ | 179 | ||
TcBr62- | 363 | TaO3- | 192 | SeI3+ | 238 | ||
TcCl62- | 337 | UF6- | 301 | SeN2Cl+ | 196 | ||
TcF62- | 244 | VF6- | 235 | SeNCl2+ | 157 | ||
TcH92- | 260 | VO3- | 201 | (SeNMe3)3+ | 406 | ||
TcI62- | 4119 | WCl6- | 337 | SeS2N2+ | 282 | ||
Te2- | 220 | WF6- | 246 | SF(C6F5)2+ | 294 | ||
TeBr62- | 383 | WOF5- | 241 | SF2N(CH3)2+ | 210 | ||
TeCl62- | 353 | SF3+ | 172 | ||||
TeI62- | 430 | SFS(C(CF3)2)2+ | 275 | ||||
TeO42- | 238 | SH2C3H7+ | 210 | ||||
Th(NO3)62- | 424 | SN+ | 158 | ||||
ThCl62- | 360 | SNCl5(CH3CN)- | 290 | ||||
ThF62- | 263 | (SNPMe3)3+ | 308 | ||||
TiBr62- | 356 | SNSC(CH3)N+ | 225 | ||||
TiCl62- | 335 | SNSC(CN)CH+ | 209 | ||||
TiF62- | 252 | SNSC(Ph)N+ | 251 | ||||
UCl62- | 354 | SNSC(Ph)NS3N2+ | 327 | ||||
UF62- | 256 | SNSC(PhCH3)N+ | 264 | ||||
VO32- | 204 | Te(N(SiMe3)2)2+ | 371 | ||||
WBr62- | 363 | Te(N3)3+ | 226 | ||||
WCl62- | 339 | Te4Nb3OTe2I6+ | 407 | ||||
WO42- | 237 | TeBr3+ | 235 | ||||
WOCl52- | 334 | TeCl3+ | 216 | ||||
ZnBr42- | 335 | TeCl3(15-Korne-5)+ | 282 | ||||
ZnCl42- | 306 | TeI3+ | 243 | ||||
ZnF42- | 219 | Xe2F11+ | 266 | ||||
ZnI42- | 384 | Xe2F3+ | 221 | ||||
ZrBr42- | 334 | XeF+ | 174 | ||||
ZrCl42- | 306 | XeF3+ | 183 | ||||
ZrCl62- | 348 | XeF5+ | 186 | ||||
ThF62- | 258 | XeOF3+ | 186 |
Weblink
Bearbeiten- Thermochemischer Radius auf den Seiten des Eigenschaften-Quellen-Index (EQI), abgerufen am 22. April 2013
Einzelnachweise
Bearbeiten- ↑ David R. Lide: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Internet Version. 2005.